Survey protocol
Relationship between Armia Krajowa and Armia Ludowa.
The mainmilitary and political organizations among the rebels were Armia Krajowa and Armia Ludowa around which other elements were grouping. Relationships between AK and AL were tense all the time.
Despite the military cooperation between them, AK has never considered AL as an equal organization. AL representatives were not invited to neither military nor political meetings. Major “Senk” was forced to personally search for information about all the situation changes.
Initially, the PKB had instructions to organize terroristic acts against the leadership of AL and infiltrate their agents inside it. The soldiers of AL were arrested and shot for the slightest delinquency.
In the central region the units of AL had up to 2000 men (including PAL{Polish Armia Ludowa} and KB {Security Corps}) while AK had between 5 000 and 6 000 men. Initially AK was not issuing any weapons to the AL from those dropped by the Soviet aviation. Only later the AL got such permission.
General Skakowsky who led the united detachments of AL, PAL and KB was considered a purely military man without clear political orientation. General “Monter” was trying to win Skokowsky over to his side and called him to secret meetings several times. He didn’t have any success though.
As the events unwrapped, the political slogans of AL which were calling to
cooperate with the Red Army and Lyublin government were receiving more and
more support. Large numbers of soldiers and officers from AK were coming to
the AL asking to enlist them. Unwilling to conflict with the AK, the
leadership of AL has refused them to join, nevertheless they did account
such people. Additionally to this,large amounts of various civilian
democratic groups and organisations joined the AL. As a result of this, the
AL has considered a possibility to capture the initiative in case the AK
leadership betrays them. However AL did not want to use that opportunity in
an attempt to preserve the unity which was needed to fight the Germans.
The leadership of AK was pursuing officers and soldiers who swayed to
the AL side. For instance major AK Mechislav Nichdetsky for his sympathy
towards AL was arrested and put on trial allegedly for his foreign
connections before the war.
The AL platform has received wide support among the civilian population. AL, PAL and KB have sent a letter to the Supreme commander Marshal Stalin whom they thanked for the provided support and promised to continue the struggle against the German army together with the Polish Army of the General Lieutenant Rolya-Zhimersky
According to my estimates in the last days up to 80% of soldiers and lower ranked AK officers were willing to join the AL. The leadership of AL had severe problems because of lack of communication with Lublin government. The two members of Lyublin government who were in Warsaw all the time were not connected to Osubka-Morawsky because they didn't have a radio.
In military perspective the units of AL had independent regions under their full responsibility and were in fact independent. They were subordinates to "Monter" as a commander of the garrison. The recon was performed by their own forces and they had to get weapons and food on their own.
Receiving airdropped supplies
The leadership of AK did not organize any uniform system of receiving and spreading the airdropped goods. Initially only the AK units got access to them, but in the last decade of September both AK and AL were organized: those who owned the territory, those owned the supply.
Additionally to that, a lot of supplies, mainly the food, were taken by the civilians among whom the distribution was also not organized. In the last period both the soldiers and the civilians were eating exclusively crackers from the Soviet food drops. Instead of hot water, the units started to receive soup made from concentrates and in some cases - crackers.
Source: ЦАМО РФ. Ф. 233. Оп. 2380. Д. 22. Л. 238–244.
Source: warsaw75.mil.ru
No comments:
Post a Comment